Rural vs. Vernacular Architecture: Understanding the Distinction

What Differs Rural from Vernacular Architectural Styles?

"Vernacular architecture (or folk architecture) is a construction done outside any academic rules, and without professional guidance..." 

This is how Wikipedia describes this broad category, which did not deserve even to be named as a movement or style... and it continues: "It is not a particular architectural movement or style, but rather a broad category, encompassing a wide range and variety of building types, with differing building methods, from around the world, both historical and extant and classical and modern."

Welcome to the world of architecture, where every design has a story to tell of its own.

Have you ever wondered about the difference between vernacular and rustic or rural architecture? While they may sound similar, these two architectural styles have some key distinctions that set them apart. Vernacular architecture is all about using local materials and traditional building techniques, while rural architecture tends to focus on practicality and functionality in rural settings.

Today, we're taking a delightful journey through the heart of two captivating architectural styles: Vernacular and Rural Architecture. While they may seem similar at first glance, each has its unique charm and character, as we already mentioned. If you're curious to learn more about these two unique architectural styles, keep reading to better understand their differences!

Img.1- Local residents have practiced vernacular architecture since ancient times, using local construction materials like Adobe and others, Photo: homedit.com

So, let's dive in and uncover the fascinating differences between Rural and Vernacular Architecture and enlighten every architectural style apart!

Understanding the Expression: Vernacular Architecture

Vernacular architecture is like a love letter to tradition and locality. It's all about embracing the essence of a region, incorporating together culture, climate, and craftsmanship into a tapestry of architectural wonder.

Vernacular means native or neighborhood, however, this has not forever been an acknowledged engineering and architectural thought. Local resident people have rehearsed this sort of design since old times, yet researchers didn't utilize the expression "vernacular architecture." The expression was first utilized by Sir George Gilbert Scott in 1857 as a contemptuous term to depict structures in styles other than Gothic Revival. (Img.1)

As the featured image shows, the design is inspired by a form of animal if I can say, locally present; We can see clearly its horns, beak, etc... 

Architect Sir Bernard Rudofsky next adopted the term in 1964 in a presentation at MoMA and a book that he named "Architecture Without Architects". These works highlighted structures from around the world and populated the thought and the expression "vernacular architecture." Different words for this idea combine "society design" and "classical architecture."

Native architecture is presently the subject of a diverse field of study. Planners and students of history esteem how vernacular architecture mirrors the qualities, culture, and accomplishments of specific gatherings. It additionally motivates contemporary architects and designers to create more sustainable designs, influenced by vernacular designs.

Here's what makes Vernacular Architecture truly special:

1. Roots in the Tradition: This architectural style is deeply rooted in tradition, reflecting the cultural heritage and identity of a community. It is a living legacy passed down through generations, preserving the essence of a place.
2. Harmony with Nature: One of the defining features of Vernacular design is its seamless integration with the natural environment. From Adobe dwellings in the desert to stilt houses in coastal areas, each structure is tailored to thrive in its surroundings. (Img.1)
3. Adaptive Design: Flexibility is the name of the game in Vernacular Architecture. Structures are designed to adapt to local climate conditions, whether it's using thick walls for insulation or incorporating passive cooling techniques.

Exploring Rural Architecture

Rural architecture, on the other hand, is a celebration of simplicity and functionality. It's the backbone of countryside living, where every barn, farmhouse, and cabin tells a story of hard work and resilience. (See Img.2 below)

Img.2- Every house, farmhouse, and cabin tells a story of hard work and resilience, Photo:inhabitat.com

Let's take a closer look at what sets Rural Architecture apart:

1. Practicality First: In rural areas, the form and shape of the construction follow its function. It prioritizes practicality above anything else, with designs tailored to meet the needs of the agricultural life. Whether it's storing crops in a barn or providing shelter for livestock, every element serves a purpose.
2. Utilitarian Aesthetics: Don't let its simplicity fool you – Rural Architecture has a beauty all its own. Exposed timber beams, weathered facades, and pitched roofs are not just design choices but a reflection of rural life's rugged charm.
3. Sense of Community: Rural architecture isn't just about buildings; it's about fostering a sense of community. From quaint village squares to sprawling farmsteads, rural architecture creates spaces where neighbors come together, sharing stories and forging bonds.

Spotting the Differences

Now that we've explored the core features of Vernacular and Rural Architecture, let's compare the two of those architectural styles side by side:

1- Cultural Influence:

• Vernacular: Reflects the cultural traditions and practices of a specific region or community.
• Rural: Primarily shaped by the agricultural lifestyle and needs of rural communities.

2- Environmental Adaptation:

• Vernacular: Seamlessly integrates with the natural environment, using local materials and building techniques.
• Rural: Prioritizes functionality and durability, with designs tailored to withstand the rigors of rural life.

3- Architectural Styles:

• Vernacular: Showcases a diverse range of styles, from mud-brick dwellings to timber-framed houses, each unique to its locale.
• Rural: Characterized by simple, utilitarian designs, often featuring elements like gable roofs, timber framing, and stone foundations.

Taking Advantage of Both Architectural Styles

Despite the differences between vernacular and rural architecture, both have a strong connection to nature and its residents. Each structure is a testament to the tenacity and inventiveness of human creativity, whether it be the timeless beauty of a thatched cottage or the rugged charm of a weathered barn.

Last but not least, as we wrap up our exploration of Vernacular vs. Rural Architecture, one thing becomes clear – both styles have a story to tell. Whether you find yourself wandering through the cobbled streets of a historic village or gazing out over the rolling hills of the countryside, take a moment to appreciate the beauty and craftsmanship that surrounds you. After all, in the world of architecture, every structure has a story worth telling!